The composition of industrial wireless router

Routing involves two basic actions: determining the best path and transmitting information through the network. In the process of routing, the latter is also called (data) exchange. The exchange is relatively simple, and the selection path is complicated.

1.Path Selection

Metric is a metric used by routing algorithms to determine the best path to a destination, such as path length. In order to help route selection, the routing algorithm initializes and maintains a routing table containing path information. The path information varies according to the routing algorithm used.

The routing algorithm fills the routing table based on a lot of information. The destination/next hop address pair informs the router that the best way to reach the destination is to send the packet to the router representing the "next hop". When the router receives a packet, it checks its destination address and tries to download this address to the "next hop." "One jump" linked.

The routing table may also include other information. The routing table compares metrics to determine the best path. These metrics vary according to the routing algorithm used. The following will introduce common metrics. Routers communicate with each other and maintain their routing tables by exchanging routing information. The routing update information usually contains all or part of the routing table. By analyzing the routing update information from other routers, the router can build a detailed map of the network topology. Another example of information sent between routers is link state broadcast information, which informs other routers of the link state of the sender. The link information is used to build a complete topology map so that the router can determine the best path.

2.Exchange

The exchange algorithm is relatively simple, and it is the same for most routing protocols. In most cases, a host decides to send data to another host. After obtaining the address of the router by some method, the source host sends a pointer to the router. For data packets with physical (MAC) addresses, the protocol address points to the destination host.

After checking the destination protocol address of the data packet, the router determines whether it knows how to forward the packet. If the router does not know how to forward it, it usually discards it. If the router knows how to forward, it changes the destination physical address to the next hop physical address and sends it to it. The next hop may be the final destination host, if not, usually another router, it will perform the same steps. When a packet flows in the network, its physical address is changing, but its protocol address is always the same.

The exchange between the source system and the destination system is described above. ISO defines the layered terminology used to describe this process. In this terminology, network devices that do not have the ability to forward packets are called end systems (ES--end systems), and those that have this capability are called intermediate systems (IS--intermediate systems). IS is further divided into intradomain IS (intradomain IS) that can communicate in routing domains and interdomain IS (interdomain IS) that can communicate in routing domains. The routing domain is usually regarded as a part of the network under unified management, which complies with a specific set of management rules, also known as an autonomous system (Autonomous system). In some protocols, routing domains can be divided into routing intervals, but intra-domain routing protocols can still be used to exchange data within and between intervals.

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